RESUMO
Tooth extraction is the most common procedure in dental practice. However, in the long term, it may cause alveolar ridge atrophy. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the role of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in post-exodontic alveolar ridge preservation in terms of its effectiveness in the regeneration of bone tissue as assessed by imaging and its efficacy compared to physiological bone healing. The study is presented in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This systematic review was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The gray literature search was conducted in the New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report. All the studies in this systematic review were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The risk of bias was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 6.2 (RevMan 6.2). Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 17 randomized clinical trials published up to 2022 investigating the efficacy of PRF in post-exodontic bone regeneration. Based on the results of clinical studies, it can be stated that despite not being statistically significant, PRF promotes neoformation and prevents bone loss between three and four months post-extraction.
RESUMO
Introduction: The post-exodontic alveolar atrophy requires quality bone regeneration techniques, and therefore, it is necessary to apply platelet concentrates, which are bioactive agents in the process of preserving the alveolar bone. The use of platelet concentrates proved to be an excellent osteoinducer since it leads to three important effects for maintaining bone structure. Objective: To analyze the use of platelet concentrates in post-exodontic bone regeneration. Materials and methods: A descriptive, explanatory study. A narrative review in which data was collected from 26 scientific articles published in scientific databases such as PubMed, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, and Ovid between 2012 and 2022. Conclusions: Platelet concentrates are physiological materials that speed up the healing time of post-extraction wounds. They are autologous since they are taken from the patient him/herself, reducing the risk of postoperative reactions, and the transmission of diseases by parenteral route. They relieve both inflammation and edema as well as post-surgery symptoms that appear after a dental extraction. They also help to preserve the alveolar ridge, avoiding long-term atrophy.
RESUMO
The odontogenic keratocystic tumor (OKT) or also currently known as odontogenic keratocyst (OK) is a benign pathology derived from the remains of the dental lamina characteristic for possessing variable amounts of desquamated keratin. It usually rises as solitary or with the presence of satellite cysts, the appearance of these satellite cysts is frequently related to the possible recurrence of OK, according to the literature, this recurrence can vary between 0 - 50%. As for the treatment stage of (OKT), it can be mentioned that at present there is a well-defined histological and clinical criterion, which facilitates its recognition and therefore its treatment. According to the literature, there are several treatment procedures that can be classified into non-conservative or radical treatments and conservative treatments accompanied by adjuvant methods. Within the non-conservative or radical treatments, we find en bloc resection, which is the most aggressive way to treat a keratocyst; however, it is the most effective way to avoid recurrence. Within the conservative treatments, marsupialization, decompression, and enucleation with or without adjuvant therapy are described. It is paramount to know how to recognize the different types of treatment for (OKT) since this will be conditioned by multiple factors, such as the location of nearby bone structures and the size of the lesion considering the possible involvement of dental structures. The objective is to seek the lowest-risk treatment possible, which avoids recurrence and finally puts an end to this pathology.
RESUMO
La edad es un indicador de maduración somática dental, de importancia clínica en Odontología para la planificación del tratamiento de pacientes en crecimiento. El método de Demirjian es el más ampliamente difundido para estimar la edad dental. Con este método se han realizado numerosos estudios en diferentes grupos étnicos, analizándose niños europeos, asiáticos y americanos, entre otros. Estos resultados sugieren posibles diferencias en los patrones de maduración dental entre las diferentes poblaciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue correlacionar la edad dental, utilizando el método de Demirjian, con la edad cronológica de acuerdo al género en un grupo de niños que acudieron al Centro Radiológico "Innova" ubicado en Cuenca - Ecuador en el período 2012 2014, siendo este estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo y analítico, en donde se seleccionó una muestra estratificada por edad y genero incluyendo 362 radiografías, de las cuales 205 son de género femenino y 157 de género masculino. Se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación inter- clase, como medida de correlación entre edad dental y cronológica, de 0,830 en el género femenino y 0,801 en el género masculino. En general el método de Demirjian tendió a subestimar la edad dental en niñas y en niños de manera similar. En conclusión, los resultados obtenidos en el presente trabajo no coinciden con numerosos lugares del mundo, es decir la edad dental en este grupo fue levemente menor tanto en las niñas como en los niños que la muestra original franco canadiense. El rango obtenido, de la edad dental no es similar a la edad cronológica pero el grado de correlación entre ambas es el adecuado para aplicar en nuestra población, presentándose de igual manera de acuerdo al género por lo que se elaboró una tabla estándar para la población Cuencana. Consideramos que el método de Demirjian es aplicable a esta muestra de niños utilizando la base de datos planteada en la presente investigación
Age is an indicator of dental somatic maturation, of clinical importance in dentistry for planning the treatment of growing patients. The Demirjian method is the most widely disseminated to estimate dental age. With this method, numerous studies have been carried out in different ethnic groups, analyzing European, Asian and American children, among others. These results suggest possible differences in dental maturation patterns between different populations. The aim of the present study was to correlate the dental age, using the Demirjian method, with the chronological age according to gender in a group of children who attended the Radiological Center "Innova" located in Cuenca-Ecuador in the period 2012 - 2014, This study was descriptive, retrospective and analytical, in which a sample stratified by age and gender was selected, including 362 radiographs, of which 205 are female and 157 male. An inter-class correlation coefficient was obtained, as a measure of correlation between dental and chronological age, of 0.830 in the female gender and 0.801 in the male gender. In general, Demirjian's method tended to underestimate dental age in girls and boys in a similar way. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present work do not coincide with many places in the world, that is, the dental age in this group was slightly lower in both girls and boys than the original Franco - Canadian sample. The obtained range of dental age is not similar to the chronological age but the degree of correlation between both is adequate to apply in our population, presenting itself in the same way according to gender, so a standard table for the population was elaborated Cuencana. We consider that the Demirjian method is applicable to this sample of children using the database proposed in the present investigation.
